In the incidents of physical violence that were reported by observers on election day, women made up over half the victims, at 60% of all reported victims, with no observers reporting incidents involving both men and women victims.
Citizens were also most likely to be the perpetrators in the reported incidents of violence; while men were most likely to perpetrate violence overall, women were also a significant percentage of perpetrators.
Reported incidents of violence were primarily aimed at citizens; that is, Guatemalans who were not candidates, officials, or dedicated party supporters (sympathizers).
Men were more likely to be targeted by physical violence than women; this may be because men were more likely to be running for high-profile positions.
Overall, most reported incidents of violence were economic (36%), threats and coercion (30%) or psychological (28%).
Women acting alone were a small percentage of the perpetrators of observed incidents of unspecified pre-election violence. Most perpetrators were in mixed-gender groups.
In observed incidents of unspecified violence or aggression, women were 33% of the victims. Most observed incidents that were reported had both male and female victims (44%).
